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Abiotic Problems - Soil Related Stresses
Many of the causes of abiotic problems with evergreens begin below ground. The most common soil problems are poor percolation (slow movement of water through the soil) and compacted clay soil. Occasionally, pH extremes affect evergreen health, although most evergreens are more tolerant of pH extremes than are deciduous trees and shrubs.
White fir: waterlogged soil
White fir: normal foliage
White fir: waterlogged, clay soil
White fir: waterlogged, clay soilCompacted soil
Pine: compacted, waterlogged soil
White pine: alkaline soil
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