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| Table: Diagnosis and Control of Lophodermiun Needle Cast and Brown Spot Needle Cast | ||
| Pest Identification | Host Plants | Damage Symptoms |
| Lophodermiun Needle Cast Lophodermium seditiosum
Brown Spot Needle Cast |
In the Midwest, Scotch and red pine are the most common hosts. Austrian and mugo pines may also be attacked. | Brown spots with yellow margins on needles. Infected needles then turn yellow, then brown and drop off prematurely. Branch defoliation and dieback: bottom-up, inside out pattern within the tree. |
| Monitoring | Control Options | Pesticides |
| Inspect nursery stock carefully, and plant only healthy trees. Look for:
Brown spots with yellow margins on needles:
Black, spore producing structures on dead needles: |
Physical: Plant disease resistant ling needles Scotch pine varieties.
Do not plat susceptible species next to infected trees.
Promote good air circulation by adequate tree spacing and weed control.
Do not prune or shear trees when needles are wet. Chemical: Apply registered fungicides: Lophodermium: apply 3-4 time, every 2-3 weeks from late July through October. Brown Spot: apply when needles are half elongated and 3 to 4 weeks later. |
Chlorothanonil Mancozeb Bordeaux Mixture |
| Description and Life History | ||
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Description: Both diseases cause needle browning and defoliation . They are
particularly damaging to short-needled Scotch pine varieties of all ages, and can kill
Scotch pine seedlings in the nursery. Life history: The fungi that cause both diseases overwinter on diseased needles and release infective spores during wet weather. The peak infection period for brown spot is June and July. The peak infection period for Lophodermium is August through October. Infective spores are spread via wind, rain and pruning tools. | ||
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