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Fungus gnat (left) and shore fly (right) From: University of California |
| KEY TO MOST COMMON FLY PESTS FOUND ON FLOWERS AND FOLIAGE PLANTS | |
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1. Narcissus bulb fly: Larger flies, 10 to 12 millimeters long; dense covering of long hairs that gives a furry look, resembling that of bees. 1.' Smaller flies, 6 millimeters long or shorter; hairs scattered or very short, flies not bee-like.................... 2 2. Lesser bulb fly. Flies about the size of a housefly, 5 to 6 millimeters long; body shiny under a dense covering of short hairs. 2.' Flies smaller, 3 millimeters long or less; body either dull colored or with scattered long hairs .................3 3. Darkwinged fungus gnats: Antennae elongate, as long as head and thorax; flies dull black with uniformly dark-colored wings. 3.' Antennae no longer than head; pattern usually present on body or wings .............................................. 4 4. Liriomyza spp: Flies shiny black and yellow; wings clear. 4.' Shore flies. Flies dull; some species have patterned body or wings. |
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| KEY TO MOST COMMON MAGGOTS FOUND ON FLOWERS AND FOLIAGE PLANTS | |
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1. Darkwinged fungus gnats: Larva with shiny black head capsule; body slender, white, smooth; found in decaying roots or stems or soil around them, rarely even on terminals;mostly in greenhouses. 1.' Without head capsule, with a pair of downward curving mouth hooks; body a typical maggot, wider in middle and tapering to one or both ends, may have roughened skin or fleshy filaments protruding from body...................2 2. Liriomyza spp.: Tiny yellow maggots, smooth; mining in leaves of plants. 2.' Not yellow and not leafminers..................................3 3. Larvae found in roots, rhizomes or bulbs ......................4 3.' Shore flies: Larvae found among algae or on wet surfaces, in hydroponic operations, filters, wet benches, etc. 4. Narcissus bulb fly. Mature larva large, more than 10 millimeters long; with only 1 pair of very short fleshy filaments under the spiracular tube at end of body; spiracular tube about as long as wide. 4.' Lesser bulb fly. Mature larva small, less than 10 millimeters long; with 3 pairs of fleshy filaments around the spiracular tube; spiracular tube about twice as long as wide. |
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